American Civil War Timeline 1864

1864

20 February 1864: Battle of Olustee, Florida

Confederate victory over a Union invasion of north eastern Florida.

8 April 1864: Battle of Sabine Crossroads, Louisiana

Union army under General Banks attacking into northern Louisiana defeated by a confederate army under General Richard Taylor.

9 April 1864: Battle of Pleasant Hill, Louisiana

Taylor tries a second attack but is repulsed. Banks still decides to withdraw, after a support force fails to arrive.

12 April 1864: Battle of Fort Pillow, Tennessee

Confederate capture of Fort Pillow was marred by the probable murder of the black soldiers present in the Union garrison.

4-8 May 1864: Battle of the Wilderness, Virginia

Grant’s first major offensive in the east (Overland Campaign). The Union suffer more losses than the Confederates, but unlike previous Union commanders, Grant did not retreat, instead moving on to Spotsylvania.

11 May 1864: Battle of Yellow Tavern, Virginia

Grant dispatched 10,000 cavalry under General Sheridan south. Jeb Stuart gave ineffective chase with half of his cavalry, before standing and fighting at Yellow Tavern, six miles north of Richmond, where his cavalry was crushed. Stuart was fatally wounded during the fighting.

10-12 May 1864: Battle of Spotsylvania, Virginia

The first sign of the sort of attritional warfare that was about to take over on the eastern front of the civil war. Lee was forced to withdraw to another defensive line, but Grant did not achieve his aim of a breakthrough.

14 May 1864: Battle of Resaca, Georgia

Confederate victory during Sherman’s advance towards Atlanta. Sherman’s manoeuvres forced the Confederates to retreat anyway.

15 May 1864: Battle of Newmarket, Virginia.

Defeat of a Union army that had been sent into the Shenandoah valley as part of Grant’s plan for 1864

16 May 1864: Battle of Drewry’s Bluff, Virginia

Battle that ended any chance of General Butler achieving the major breakthrough he had gained a chance to achieve after getting between Petersburg and Richmond.

20-26 May 1864: Battle of North Anna River, Virginia.

Something of a drawn battle in the Grant’s Richmond campaign. Neither Lee or Grant performed well in this battle.

25-28 May 1864: Battle of New Hope Church, Georgia

A period of unproductive fighting during Sherman’s advance towards Atlanta.

31 May-3 June 1864: Battle of Cold Harbor, Virginia

The main assault comes on 3 June, when Grant fails to break Lee’s line yet again.

5 June 1864: Battle of Piedmont, Virginia

Union victory over a Confederate force that had moved out of their defences to launch their own attack.

10 June 1864: Battle of Brice’s Crossroad, Mississippi.

Confederate victory in Mississippi in which a force of 8,000 Union soldiers sent to defeat Forest’s cavalry force found them, and was defeated by a force half their size.

11-12 June 1864: Battle of Trevilian Junction, Virginia

Bloodiest cavalry battle of the war, between a raiding force under Sheridan and Wade Hampton’s confederate cavalry. Something of a draw, but the raid soon withdrew.

15-18 June 1864: Battle of Petersburg, Virginia

Failed Union attack on Petersburg, one of the great missed chances of the war. After the battle, the Union settled down to a regular siege (to 3 April 1865)

18 June 1864: Battle of Lynchburg, Virginia

Repulse of a Federal attack on Lynchburg.

27 June 1864: Battle of Kenesaw Mountain, Georgia

Confederate victory where Sherman’s union army attacked well built defences on Kennesaw Mountain.

30 June 1864

Start of Siege of Petersburg (to 3 April 1865).

9 July 1864: Battle of the Monocacy River, Maryland

Early’s 15,000 strong confederate army of the Shenandoah Valley defeated a scratch Union force north of the Potomac and headed towards Washington.

11 July 1864

Early’s army appears in front of the empty defences of Washington forcing Grant to dispatch much needed troops back to the capitol.

14 July 1864: Battle of Tupelo, Mississippi

Force of 14,000 Federal troops sent to deal with Forrest’s raiders in Tennessee defeat a Confederate force half their size, wounding Forrest.

20 July 1864: Battle of Peachtree Creek, Georgia

First of two confederate attempts to defeat the union army attacking Atlanta.

22 July 1864: Battles of Atlanta, Georgia

Second of two confederate attempts to defeat the Union army threatening Atlanta that resulted in heavy confederate casualties.

23 July 1864: Battle of Kernstown, Virginia

Another Confederate victory in the Shenandoah Valley. After the battle, the Union army withdrew over the Potomac.

28 July 1864: Battle of Ezra Church, Georgia

Union victory in the campaign that led to Sherman’s capture of Atlanta.

30 July 1864: Battle of the Crater, Virginia

Incident during the siege of Petersburg. The Union exploded a giant mine under the Confederate lines, which caused massive disruption to the Confederates, but the Union follow up was botched, and the line was held.

3-5 August: Battle of Mobile Bay, Alabama

Unsuccessful Union attempt to capture the port of Mobile, although the Confederate fleet there was forced to surrender and the port effectively closed.

30 August 1864: Battle of Jonesborough, Georgia

A failed Confederate attempt to defeat a Union army blocking railway access into Atlanta.

1 September 1864

General Hood evacuated Atlanta

2 September 1864

General Sherman’s Union army finally entered Atlanta. The capture of the city was a massive boost to Northern morale, and helped to ensure the re-election of President Lincoln.

19 September 1864: Battle of Winchester, Virginia

Union victory for General Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley. Hearing that General Early’s force had been weakened, Sheridan launched an attack that resulted in the loss of one quarter of the Confederate army.

22 September 1864: Battle of Fisher’s Hill, Virginia.

Second victory of Sheridan that forced Early to retreat sixty miles to the Blue Ridge (mountains?).  Union control of the Shenandoah valley reduced the ability of the Confederacy to feed its armies, or the threaten the north.

19 October 1864: Battle of Cedar Creek, Virginia

Surprise Confederate attack on Sheridan’s army that happened while Sheridan was returning from Washington. General Early’s Confederates achieved early success but then settled down to pillage while Sheridan restored his army and returned to inflict a defeat that effectively destroyed Early’s army.

15 November 1864

Sherman’s army leaves Atlanta to begin its March to the Sea through Georgia. Sherman leaves a 40,000 strong Confederate army behind him, and leaves his own supply lines behind, living off the land.

29 November 1864, Action at Spring Hill, Tennessee

Failed Confederate attempt to trap part of the army defending Tennessee against Hood's invasion.

30 November 1864: Battle of Franklin, Tennessee

General Hood, commanding the Confederate army left behind by Sherman, attacked a well defended Union position. Although the Union troops withdrew overnight, Hood’s men suffered three times their losses, crippling the army.

15-16 December 1864: Battle of Nashville, Tennessee

Union victory that destroys General Hood’s Army of the Tennessee. The 40,000 strong army eventually returned to Mississippi with only 20,000 men left.

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How to cite this article: Rickard, J (10 May 2006), American Civil War Timeline 1864 , http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/timeline_acw_1864.html

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